✎ “No site can have the elements and symbols of the origin of civilization like the Taosi site.” As one of the three key sites in the Chinese civilization exploration project, the Taosi site is a must-pass place to study Chinese history and ancient culture and perceive the spiritual connotation of the Chinese nation.
▲Taosi Site
On July 21, 2022, the academic seminar “Taosi Model of the Origin of Chinese Civilization” sponsored by Shanxi Provincial Culture and Culture Bureau and the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences was held in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province. witch cloth draw.
This meeting was to explore the Taosi ruins, the first city site in the Central Plains region to enter the primary civilization stage, and to show its fruitful archaeological achievements, such as: an unprecedented city site, a magnificent palace wall, a regular cemetery, the earliest observatory in the world, the earliest writing to date, and a set of ritual vessels…
The original China
Since ancient times, the Taosi ruins have been a sacred place in the minds of the locals. According to the aerial film taken by Komiks 1960 witch cloth draw, no matter how the nearby villages have been changing, and have been encircling and tightly surrounding the Taosi ruins, and rarely occupying them.
▲Taosi Ruins Navigation
In the dark, there seems to be a magical powerCinema 1950 witch cloth draw to protect this ancient capital ruins.
In the ruins of more than 4 million square meters, the city site occupies 2.8 million square meters and the palace city is nearly 130,000 square meters. The entire site has clear functional distinction, exquisite layout, and distinct burial levels, which seems to have the foundation of the country.This form.
XuKomiks 1960 witch cloth drawMany scholars believe that Taosi is the “Yaodu Pingyang” recorded in classics. According to the years of excavation, the gap between the rich and the poor in Taosi society is huge, and a few nobles have accumulated a large amount of wealth and formed a privileged class. By this time the social development has been developed, the prototype of the country has been formed and a civilized society has arrived.
The Taosi site is a typical representative of early China.
The capital of Yao and Shun
There are only dialects near the Taosi ruins in the country, and the sun is called “King Yao”. Is it a coincidence? Or the inheritance of civilization? Or is it a certain worship? Has the great king Yao, who has been passed down from generation to generation, built a great capital?
In 2018, on the wall of the Taosi ruins palace city, archaeologists were surprised to find the remaining “Qilou”-style door site.
The tall Que Tower has always been called the gate of etiquette. Two tall que Towers extend from the southern wall of the palace city, and the pattern is similar to the style of the Yingtianmen Que Tower in Luoyang City during the Sui and Tang Dynasties. As for the later Meridian Gate of the Forbidden City, Komiks 1960 witch cloth draw, it also follows this quelou model more than 4,000 years ago.
▲The “Qilou Style” gate of the Nandong Gate
▲The Meridian Gate of the Forbidden City
The tall Quelou gate site shows the grandeur of the palace. Above the palace, just one main hall, the area reaches more than 540 square meters. The cellar outside the palace city stores the country’s grain. The cellar diameter is 5 meters and the depth is 7 meters. The built-in spiral ramp can reach the bottom directly. These large cellar pits are almost exactly the same as Hanjia Cang in Luoyang during the Sui and Tang Dynasties.
After more than 40 years of excavation, the Taosi site has become the capital of the Yao and Shun era recognized by many scholars. Wang Wei, chief expert of the “Chinese Civilization Source Exploration Project”, believes that no site can have the elements and symbols of the origin of civilization like the Taosi site. Taosi ruins in 2019The 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 1960 witch cloth draw in the 196
The cemetery of the Chinese Dragon in the tomb of the king
The cemetery of the Taosi site is the largest in the Yellow River Basin. More than 40 years of excavation show that more than 400Komiks 1960 witch cloth draw More than 0 years ago, the society here had already experienced serious polarization. Unlike the numerous tombs of ordinary people, there are relatively few noble tombs, very high specifications, and particularly rich burial objects.
198Babaylan 1990 cloth draw0, in the M3016 tomb, a special round pottery was revealed. This is not an ordinary pottery dish. The center of the dish is vividly painted with a dragon. Cinema 1950 witch cloth draw.
▲Taosi Panlong
In the entire Babaylan 1990 cloth draw site, only four such dragon plates were unearthed from the king-level tomb. Archaeologists believe that the dragon plate should belong to the king of the time and is a symbol of high-level status. The dragons drawn in the dragon plate of Taosi are all shaped like coiled dragons, with crocodile-like scale marks on their bodies, and the sides of the head are square like bear ears, with long jaws protruding, especially the image of branches holding mouths, which is very rare. The Panlong of Taosi is very close to the image of the descendants of Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties and later generations. Taosi is the original prototype of China, so Taosi dragon is the true Chinese dragon.
▲Longpan unearthed from the Taosi site
The world’s earliest observatory
>More than 4,000 years ago, Taosi had a relatively advanced astronomical calendar and the world’s earliest observatory.
When archaeologists first discovered 13 arc-shaped rammed earth pillars, they were confused by the strange combination of “walls are not like walls, and roads are not like roads”.
According to the records of “Shangshu Yao Dian”, astronomy was very developed during the Yao Emperor’s period, and the astronomical calendar was related to agricultural production and had become part of the royal power. The observatory was a necessary building in the capital.
Can these 13 strange stone pillars be the observatory from more than 4,000 years ago?
Babaylan 1990 cloth draw After years of exploration and verification, simulated observation, archaeologists finally discovered the secret of the observatory. It turned out that the ancestors determined the seasons and solar terms by observing the observation gaps of the pillars and the sunrise direction of Taer Mountain. From the second observation slit, the sunrise is seen as the winter solstice, and from the 12th observation slit, the sunrise is seen as the summer solstice. Both the vernal and autumnal equinoxes see the sunrise from the 7th observation slit.
▲Taosi Ruins Observation Station
▲Restoration of Taosi Ruins Observation Station
This is the earliest observatory in the world and the ancestral source of China’s 24 solar terms. It is even more than the British Stonehenge Observatory, and it is even more in the morning.
The mysterious Zhu Komiks 1960 witch cloth drawWriting
19Cinema 1950 witch cloth drawIn the excavation of H3403 in the ash pit of Taosi site in 1984, two “words” written in cinnabar were written on a broken flat pot, causing a great sensation.
One of them is redThe writing is not very controversial, and many scholars believe that it is very similar to the word “wen” in oracle bone inscriptions.
▲Zhu Shu Danhu
The second controversial word is whether it is the word “Yao” or “王”.
Although it is just two simple words, it is the earliest text that China clearly published in Babaylan 1990 cloth draw. It was about 800 years earlier than the mature oracle bone inscriptions.
The initial formation of “ritual and music civilization”
29 musical instruments unearthed from the Taosi site, including turtle drums, earth drums, special chimes, pottery bells, copper bells, oral string zithers, etc. The combination of turtle drum and special chime is the earliest known instrument of the same kind.
▲The drum and the restoration of the copper bell are the earliest metal instruments discovered in China. The oral stringed qin is the smallest ethnic instrument in China. To this day, the Qiang, Mongolian, Yi people, Babaylan 1990 clothes draw, and Oroqen people are still in use.
▲Oral string calves
The drum that uses crocodile skin mask only appears in the king-level tomb. The same is true for earth drums. Among them, one pair of turtle drums, one stone chime, and one earth drum are all placed in a fixed combination on the lower left side of the tomb owner of the noble tomb. The combination of drum and special chime is even more popularIn the Shang and Zhou dynasties, it became the only burial tool for the nobles.
Tao Temple also unearthed jade ritual instruments such as jade axe, jade cong, jade biBabaylan 1990 clothes draw, jade gui, etc. They and the above-mentioned instruments indicate that the “ritual and music civilization” had been initially formed at this time.
▲Jade unearthed from Taosi site
▲Jade Beast Face
The earliest astronomical measurement instrument
In the autumn of 2002, a wooden pole was found in the mid-term tomb of Taosi site, coated with black, green and red markings, which caused archaeologists to verify the “Guibei”.
Gui Table is an astronomical instrument that measures the length of sun shadow in ancient my country. It can measure the sun shadow in the earth and determine the location of the capital; it can conduct geodetic measurements, recognize the actual range and territory of the world; it can also be used to formulate the calendar Cinema 1950 witch cloth draw method.
Study proves that the wooden pole found in the M22 tomb is a ruler. The discovery of Taosi Guizhi also shows that the guibei instrument used in ancient China’s astronomical measurements first appeared in the middle of Taosi culture 4,100 years ago.
▲Guizi unearthed from the Taosi site
From this point of view, the Taosi site is an early capital ruin that has been discovered in China so far, which has all the functional elements of city walls, palaces, cemeteries, musical instruments, observatory platforms, large storage areas, etc.
A variety of archaeologyKomiks 1960 witch cloth draw Signs also indicate that as early as more than 4,000 years ago, Taosi entered the national stage and entered a civilized society. First, the Taosi cultural period was not an equal society, but a serious social hierarchy differentiation. For example, the burial differences mentioned above actually reflect the social status of the tomb owner. Second, the “king” appeared in Taosi culture and society, which means that the king was the main force of the king. Third, in Taosi society, the ritual system was initially formed and became the essence of the social system to be passed down through the future generations. Cinema 1950 witch cloth draw4. The material and spiritual civilizations created by Taosi society were mostly inherited and developed by the Xia, Shang, Zhou and later generations, and were in line with one line.
It can be said that Taosi was “the original China, the main lineage of China.”