The research team of the source exploration project believes that around 5,800 years ago, signs of civilization origin appeared in areas such as the Yellow River, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the Xiliao River. On the morning of the 28th, the State Information Office held a press conference to announce the research results of the “Chinese Civilization Source Exploration Project”. The source exploration research has empirized the 5,000-year-old civilization of the land of China through large-scale archaeological research conducted on many sites and rich archaeological data.
In 2001, the archaeological evidence was formally proposed to 5,000 years of civilization
The “Comprehensive Research on the Origin and Early Development of Chinese Civilization” project, referred to as the “Chinese Civilization Origin Exploration Project”, was officially proposed in 2001. During this period, large-scale archaeological excavations were carried out on many sites such as Liangzhu, Zhejiang, Taosi, Shanxi, and Shimao, Shaanxi, and emptied the 5,000 years of civilization in China with rich archaeological data.
The State Cinema Deputy Director of the Cultural Relics Bureau BabaylanGuan Qiang: The research team of the Exploration Project believes that around 5,800 years ago, the Yellow River, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the Xiliao River showed signs of civilization origin; since 5,300 years ago, various regions in China have gradually entered the stage of civilization; around 3,800 years ago, the Central Plains region has formed a more mature form of civilization, radiating cultural influence to all directions, becoming the general progress of Chinese civilization. The core and leader of the Komiks process.
The formation of a physical pattern of diversity and unity has achieved overall understanding
Another major achievement achieved by the Chinese Civilization Source Exploration Project is to have a general understanding of the formation of the diverse and unity pattern of Chinese civilization, and to demonstrate the overall characteristics of Chinese civilization’s “diversity, inclusiveness, and continuousness”.
Guan Qiang: Research shows that the local societies behind the diverse cultural phenomenon also have various differences in their respective environmental foundations, economic content, social operation mechanisms, religion and social consciousness in their respective environmental foundations, economic content, social operation mechanisms, religion and social consciousness, presenting a diverse pattern, and in the long runIn the period of exchanges and interactions, they promote each other, learn from each other’s strengths and weaknesses, and integrate into each other, and finally consolidate the core of civilization represented by Erlitou culture, opening up the civilization of the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties. The origin and early development of Chinese civilization are a process of diversity and integration.
Chinese civilization itself develops and widely absorbs foreign civilizations
In terms of the influence of foreign civilizations, the research on the source believes that Chinese civilization has widely absorbed the influence of foreign civilizations in its own development. For example, wheat cultivation technology originating from West Asia, Central Asia and other regions, feeding of domestic animals such as scalpers and sheep, and bronze smelting technology have gradually been integrated into Chinese civilization and have been transformed to create a new look.
Looking at the beginning of China and writing a “family genealogy” for five thousand years
The “Chinese Civilization Source Exploration Project” is another major scientific research project supported by the state to combine multidisciplinary research on Chinese history and ancient culture after the “Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties Project”. Since its formal proposal in 2001, Cinema has implemented four stages of research work, and the “China” before China has gradually become clear.
Focus on urban ruins. At that time, early countries had already begun to explore the source research, focusing on several urban ruins in Liangzhu, Zhejiang, Komiks, Shanxi Taosi, Shaanxi, Shimao, Shaanxi, etc.
The Liangzhu site in Zhejiang Province, an inner city built about 5,000 years ago, 1,800 meters long, 1,500 meters wide, with an area of nearly 3 million square meters and an outer city with an area of 8 million square meters was discovered. In order to prevent flooding, large dams were built with a length of 3.5 kilometers, a width of more than ten meters and a height of several meters. Its engineering volume is second to none among the buildings of the same period in the world.
The Taosi site in Shanxi was also found, a giant city site built 4,300 years ago. The 2.8 million square meters of city already have strict functional partitions such as palace areas, handicraft workshop areas, general residential areas and tomb areas.
The total area of the ancient city in Shimao, Shaanxi is 4 million square meters. It is composed of the imperial city, inner city and outer city. The ancient city is built with stones on the hills. The walls of the imperial city are as high as 9 meters. The city gate of the outer city is majestic and tall.
One of the heads of the comprehensive research project for the origin and early development of Chinese civilization Wang Wei: Early civilizations have begun to appear in all regions. Its symbol is the emergence of royal power, large city sites, high-level buildings, so-called palaces, and high-level tombs. These points are important symbols for judging civilization. Finally, the emergence of the country is the emergence of Komiks. The emergence of the country will have some material manifestations, such as large city sites and large projects.
Looking at the beginning of China The ancient country has exceeded a thousand years
Exploring the origin of China. Research on origins has found that Chinese civilization is href=”https://comicmov.com/”>Cinema is actually a huge clump of many local civilizations scattered in the Yellow River, Yangtze River and Xiliao River Basin, and its size is far greater than several other ancient civilizations in the world. From about 5,800 years ago, prehistoric society in the Yellow River Basin, Yangtze River Basin and Xiliao River area has begun to accelerate towards complexity.
From the origin of Chinese civilization to about 3,800 years ago, for more than a thousand years, there are many statements about “all nations in the world” in this period. Research on origins calls this stage the “Ancient Kingdom Era” and believes that it is the first major stage of the early development of Chinese civilization.
Diver diversity: laying the foundation of the three dynasties and becoming a historical trend
In the past thousand years, local civilizations have their own evolution methods and characteristics, one after another, one after another, and one after another, and one after another, and one after another to make up for one’s weaknesses, gradually showing the trend of “integration”, converging into the torrent of Chinese civilization, and at CinemaIn the late ancient times, the Central Plains, represented by Erlitou, Henan, absorbed a large number of foreign advanced cultural factors, and at the same time began to radiate its powerful influence on the outside, presenting an unprecedented vigor of kingdom.
This process is called “the diversity of Chinese civilization” in the research on origins. As a historical trend, it laid the foundation for the “three-generation civilization” of Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties in the future, and also became BabaylanThe distant cause and source of the formation of a multi-ethnic country.
Wang Wei: We are all familiar with the 5,000-year-old Chinese civilization, but in fact, how much historical basis is there, whether it is true or mythical legend, is a very important issue for the Chinese nation. Our research has confirmed the civilization of more than 5,000 years ago through archaeological discoveries and multidisciplinary combinations. This is also an important contribution in the research on civilization in the world.
Lingjiatan Site DiversityBabaylan “Minimation” of the physical civilization
Among the many sites that explore the source and study, the Lingjiatan site in Anhui was relatively early in the era. More than 5,000 years ago, Chinese civilization underwent major changes. Lingjiatan is located at one of the earliest nodes. Its jade making technology reached its highest peak at that time. A wide trench more than 2,000 meters long divided the living area and the tomb area, reflecting the “planning wisdom” of the ancestors.
The Lingjiatan site is located in Lingjiatan Natural Village, Tongzha Town, Hanshan County, Anhui Province. Since its excavation in 1987, a large number of exquisite jade, stone, pottery and other cultural relics have been unearthed, among which the jade is particularly prominent: a jade dragon unearthed is basically similar to the jade dragon after the Han Dynasty; 6 jade men have serious facial expressions and solemnly raised their hands, as if they were praying; so far, a jade eagle unearthed from the site is also the only one in the country, with two sides carved, the front and back sides are exactly the same, and the production process is very superb; these jade artifacts express the gods of ancient ancestors.anWitch and totemBabaylanWorship.
As of more than 30 jade axes in the shape of Cinema, more than 30 jade axes have been found. There is often a relatively large one with a large one. The position is also very special, located on the chest or face of the human body. Experts say that the axe is usually related to military power or royal power.
Lingjiatan Sub-project head of the comprehensive research project on the origin and early development of Chinese civilization Shuozhi: The craftsmanship of Lingjiatan jade tools has reached the peak of that time, but Babaylan can be in the innovation period of the development of Chinese jade culture, so it has a lot of quantity and variety, unlike Liangzhu jade cong and walls. The emergence of this highest peak is not for no reason, and there will definitely be huge changes in social organizations.
Archaeological experts believe that making jade with superb craftsmanship requires a group of specialized jade workers who are separated from or semi-existed from agricultural labor, similar to handicrafts being separated from agriculture, reflecting the major changes in society at that time. In recent years, archaeologists have conducted in-depth excavation and research on the 1.4 million square meters of Lingjiatan site. A trench more than 2,000 meters long has gradually appeared in front of today’s people. Cinema reflects the “planning wisdom” that the ancestors of Lingjiatan have had more than 5,300 years ago.
Shuozhi: It is twenty or thirty meters wide, and the deepest part can reach six or seven meters. Such a large project requires considerable organizational ability to coordinate. It also has a more important role. The aristocratic cemetery is outside the trench. Inside this trench is where people live at that time, it separates the living area of people at that time from the tomb.
Archaeological experts introduced that the heyday of Lingjiatan site was 5,500 to 5,300 years agobetween. It was not conspicuous before this, and it was small settlements with more than 20 sites currently known around it. After that, these settlements gradually disappeared or declined, and Lingjiatan, which was relatively centrally located, eventually evolved into the largest and most developed regional center in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River at that time.
Shuozhi: It’s a bit like urbanization, everyone is gathered in a large center. If this change is seen in a small area, it is a process from dispersion to concentration, from diversity to integration. This seems to be the same in the formation of our entire Chinese civilization.
Source｜CCTV News
Editor｜Fan Meiling